Bounded on the north by the Sicani mountains, the Salso river on the east, and the Belice river on the west, along its southern side the province of Agrigento opens up onto the Mediterranean Sea. The province also includes the Pelagie islands, Lampedusa, Linosa, and Lampione.

The inland areas can boast a unique variety of agricultural products, food specialities, and handicrafts, as well as fascinating locations of high naturalistic value, such as the Nature Reserves of the Cammarata Mountain and of the Montagnola, featuring the famous Acquafitusa cave, whose sulphur-alkaline-iodized springs have been well known since time immemorial.
Along the coast, coming down from Sciacca, which is nestled on the slopes of the Kronio mountain, the Torre Salsa Nature Reserve can be reached, preserving dunes, beaches, steep sea-cliffs, natural terraces, cane fields, and ancient chalk caves. The Reserve extends up to Eraclea Minoa, whose ancient Greek remains overlook the sea from the so-called Capobianco tableland.

Agrigento, which lies on a calcareous hill, dominates over the Valley of the Temples, one of the most impressive and breathtaking archaeological complexes of the entire Mediterranean basin, enlisted in the UNESCO Heritage Site List.